Calculus, 10th Edition (Anton)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47064-772-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47064-772-1

Chapter 7 - Principles Of Integral Evaluation - 7.6 Using Computer Algebra Systems And Tables Of Integrals - Exercises Set 7.6 - Page 531: 42

Answer

$$ - \frac{{\sqrt {4 - 9{x^2}} }}{x} - 3{\sin ^{ - 1}}\frac{{3x}}{2} + C$$

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & \int {\frac{{\sqrt {4 - 9{x^2}} }}{{{x^2}}}dx} \cr & {\text{write the integrand as}} \cr & = 9\int {\frac{{\sqrt {{{\left( 2 \right)}^2} - {{\left( {3x} \right)}^2}} }}{{{{\left( {3x} \right)}^2}}}dx} \cr & {\text{Make an appropiate }}u{\text{ - substitution }} \cr & u = 3x,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,du = 3dx,\,\,\,\,\,\,dx = \frac{{du}}{3} \cr & {\text{write in terms of }}u \cr & = 9\int {\frac{{\sqrt {{{\left( 2 \right)}^2} - {{\left( {3x} \right)}^2}} }}{{{{\left( {3x} \right)}^2}}}dx} = 9\int {\frac{{\sqrt {{{\left( 2 \right)}^2} - {u^2}} }}{{{u^2}}}\left( {\frac{{du}}{3}} \right)} \cr & = 3\int {\frac{{\sqrt {{{\left( 2 \right)}^2} - {u^2}} }}{{{u^2}}}du} \cr & {\text{Use the Endpaper Integral Table to evaluate the integral}} \cr & {\text{By formula 80}} \cr & \left( {80} \right):\,\,\,\,\,\,\int {\frac{{\sqrt {{a^2} - {u^2}} du}}{{{u^2}}} = } - \frac{{\sqrt {{a^2} - {u^2}} }}{u} - {\sin ^{ - 1}}\frac{u}{a} + C \cr & {\text{take }}a = 2,\,\, \cr & 3\int {\frac{{\sqrt {{{\left( 2 \right)}^2} - {u^2}} }}{{{u^2}}}du} = - \frac{{3\sqrt {{{\left( 2 \right)}^2} - {u^2}} }}{u} - 3{\sin ^{ - 1}}\frac{u}{2} + C \cr & {\text{simplifying}} \cr & = - \frac{{3\sqrt {4 - {u^2}} }}{u} - 3{\sin ^{ - 1}}\frac{u}{2} + C \cr & {\text{write in terms of }}x{\text{; replace }}3x{\text{ for }}u \cr & = - \frac{{3\sqrt {4 - {{\left( {3x} \right)}^2}} }}{{3x}} - 3{\sin ^{ - 1}}\frac{{3x}}{2} + C \cr & = - \frac{{\sqrt {4 - 9{x^2}} }}{x} - 3{\sin ^{ - 1}}\frac{{3x}}{2} + C \cr} $$
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