Calculus, 10th Edition (Anton)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47064-772-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47064-772-1

Chapter 7 - Principles Of Integral Evaluation - 7.6 Using Computer Algebra Systems And Tables Of Integrals - Exercises Set 7.6 - Page 532: 65

Answer

$$\ln \left| {\tan \left( {\frac{x}{2}} \right) + 1} \right| + C$$

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & \int {\frac{{dx}}{{1 + \sin x + \cos x}}} \cr & {\text{Use substitution }}\left( 5 \right){\text{ from the page 528}}: \cr & \,\,u = \tan \left( {\frac{x}{2}} \right){\text{,}}\,\,\,\,\,\,dx = \frac{2}{{1 + {u^2}}}du,\,\,\,\,\,\,\sin x = \frac{{2u}}{{1 + {u^2}}}\,\,\,\,\,{\text{ and}}\,{\text{ }}\,\,\cos x = \frac{{1 - {u^2}}}{{1 + {u^2}}} \cr & \cr & \int {\frac{{dx}}{{1 + \sin x + \cos x}}} = \int {\frac{{\frac{2}{{1 + {u^2}}}du}}{{1 + \frac{{2u}}{{1 + {u^2}}} + \frac{{1 - {u^2}}}{{1 + {u^2}}}}}} \cr & {\text{simplify}} \cr & = \int {\frac{{\frac{2}{{1 + {u^2}}}du}}{{\frac{{1 + {u^2} + 2u + 1 - {u^2}}}{{1 + {u^2}}}}}} = \int {\frac{2}{{2u + 2}}} du \cr & = \int {\frac{1}{{u + 1}}} du \cr & \cr & {\text{Integrate}} \cr & = \ln \left| {u + 1} \right| + C \cr & {\text{write in terms of }}x{\text{; substitute }}u = \tan \left( {\frac{x}{2}} \right) \cr & = \ln \left| {\tan \left( {\frac{x}{2}} \right) + 1} \right| + C \cr} $$
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