Calculus: Early Transcendentals 9th Edition

Published by Cengage Learning
ISBN 10: 1337613924
ISBN 13: 978-1-33761-392-7

Chapter 3 - Section 3.2 - The Product and Quotient Rules - 3.2 Exercises - Page 189: 36

Answer

$y = \frac{1}{4}x + \frac{1}{2}$

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & y = \frac{{1 + x}}{{1 + {e^x}}}{\text{ at the point }}\left( {0,\frac{1}{2}} \right) \cr & {\text{Differentiate }}y{\text{ to calculate the slope at the point }}\left( {0,\frac{1}{2}} \right) \cr & \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{d}{{dx}}\left[ {\frac{{1 + x}}{{1 + {e^x}}}} \right] \cr & {\text{Use the quotient rule}} \cr & \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{\left( {1 + {e^x}} \right)\frac{d}{{dx}}\left[ {1 + x} \right] - \left( {1 + x} \right)\frac{d}{{dx}}\left[ {1 + {e^x}} \right]}}{{{{\left( {1 + {e^x}} \right)}^2}}} \cr & \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{\left( {1 + {e^x}} \right)\left( 1 \right) - \left( {1 + x} \right)\left( {{e^x}} \right)}}{{{{\left( {1 + {e^x}} \right)}^2}}} \cr & \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{1 + {e^x} - {e^x} - x{e^x}}}{{{{\left( {1 + {e^x}} \right)}^2}}} \cr & \frac{{dy}}{{dx}} = \frac{{1 - x{e^x}}}{{{{\left( {1 + {e^x}} \right)}^2}}} \cr & {\text{Find }}m{\text{ at }}\left( {0,\frac{1}{2}} \right) \cr & m = {\left. {\frac{{dy}}{{dx}}} \right|_{x = 0}} = \frac{{1 - \left( 0 \right){e^0}}}{{{{\left( {1 + {e^0}} \right)}^2}}} \cr & m = \frac{1}{4} \cr & \cr & {\text{Use the Point}} - {\text{Slope Form of the Equation of a Line}} \cr & y - {y_1} = m\left( {x - {x_1}} \right) \cr & \underbrace {\left( {0,\frac{1}{2}} \right)}_{\left( {{x_1},{y_1}} \right)} \to x = 0{\text{ and }}{y_1} = \frac{1}{2} \cr & {\text{Therefore}} \cr & y - \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{4}\left( {x - 0} \right) \cr & {\text{Simplify}} \cr & y - \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{4}x \cr & y = \frac{1}{4}x + \frac{1}{2} \cr} $$
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