Answer
$ a.\quad g$ is one-to-one
$b.\quad g^{-1}(x)=\displaystyle \frac{x+1}{3}$
Work Step by Step
$ a.\quad$
The function is linear, non-constant.
Its graph is an oblique line that passes the horizontal line test
(It is impossible to draw a horizontal line that intersects a function's graph more than once.)
It is one-to-one and has an inverse.
$ b.\quad$
To find a formula for the inverse,
1. Replace $g(x)$ with $y.$
$y=3x-1$
2. Interchange $x$ and $y$. (This gives the inverse function.)
$x=3y-1$
3. Solve for $y.$
$x+1=3y$
$\displaystyle \frac{x+1}{3}=y$
4. Replace $y$ with $g^{-1}(x)$ . (This is inverse function notation.)
$g^{-1}(x)=\displaystyle \frac{x+1}{3}$
