Physics (10th Edition)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 1118486897
ISBN 13: 978-1-11848-689-4

Chapter 30 - The Nature of the Atom - Problems - Page 872: 6

Answer

$8.6875MeV$ work is done by electric force

Work Step by Step

Copper nucleus carries $Z=29$ protons charge on $1$ proton $=+e$ so charge on gold nucleus $q_{Cu}=+29e=+29\times1.6\times10^{-19}C$ $q_{Cu}=+4.64\times10^{-18}C$ radius of Copper nucleus is $r=4.8\times10^{-15}m$ We want to put a proton on surface of this nucleus . For the calculation we can assume nucleus as point charge { $q_{Cu}=+4.64\times10^{-18}C$ } and we want to put another charge { $q_{p}=+1.6\times10^{-19}C$ } at a distance $r=4.8\times10^{-15}m$ so potential energy of the system will be $V=-k\frac{|q_{Cu}|\times |q_{p}|}{r}$ putting $r=4.8\times10^{-15}m$ $q_{p}=+1.6\times10^{-19}C$ $q_{Cu}=+4.64\times10^{-18}C$ $k=8.99\times10^{9}N.m^2/C^2$ $V=-(8.99\times10^{9}N.m^2/C^2)\frac{4.64\times10^{-18}C\times1.6\times10^{-19}C}{4.8\times10^{-15}m}$ $V=-13.90\times10^{-13}J$ $1.6\times10^{-19} J$ is equal to $1eV$ $1J$ is equal to $\frac{1}{1.6\times10^{-19}}eV$ so $13.90\times10^{-13} J$ is equal to $\frac{13.90\times10^{-13}}{1.6\times10^{-19}}eV$= $8.6875\times10^{6}eV$ so $V=-13.90\times10^{-13}J=-8.6875\times10^{6}eV=-8.6875MeV$ so 8.6875MeV work is done by electric force
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