Calculus, 10th Edition (Anton)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47064-772-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47064-772-1

Chapter 11 - Three-Dimensional Space; Vectors - 11.4 Cross Product - Exercises Set 11.4 - Page 803: 2

Answer

a) $(\hat{\imath}+\hat{\jmath}+\hat{k})\times\hat{\jmath} =-\hat{k}+\hat{\imath}$ b) $(\hat{\imath}+\hat{\jmath}+\hat{k})\times\hat{k} =-\hat{\imath}+\hat{\jmath}$

Work Step by Step

For two 3 -Dimensional vectors \[ \quad \vec{v}=\left\langle v_{1}, v_{2}, v_{3}\right\rangle \text { and } \vec{u}=\left\langle u_{1}, u_{2}, u_{3}\right\rangle \quad \] The cross product is given by the determinant \[ \vec{u} \times \vec{v}=\left|\begin{array}{ccc} \hat{\imath} & \hat{\jmath} & \hat{k} \\ u_{1} & u_{2} & u_{3} \\ v_{1} & v_{2} & v_{3} \end{array}\right| \] a) We need to find the cross product \[ (\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}) \times \hat{j} \] Since $\hat{j}=\langle 0,1,0\rangle$ , $\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}=\langle 1,1,1\rangle$, we get: \[ \begin{aligned} (\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k}) \times\hat{j} &=\left|\begin{array}{ccc} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 1 & 1 & 1 \end{array}\right|=\hat{i}(-0+1)+\hat{j}(0-0)+\hat{k}(-1+0) \\ &=-\hat{k}+\hat{i} \end{aligned} \] Notice that \[ \begin{aligned} (\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k})\times\hat{j} &=\hat{j} \times \hat{i}+\hat{j} \times \hat{j}+\hat{j} \times \hat{k} \\ &=-\hat{i} \times \hat{j}+\overrightarrow{0}+\hat{i} \\ &=-\hat{k}+\hat{i}=-\hat{k}+\hat{i} \end{aligned} \] b) Analogously, we have that for $\hat{k}=\langle 0,0,1\rangle$: \[ \begin{aligned} (\hat{\imath}+\hat{\jmath}+\hat{k}) \times\hat{k} &=\left|\begin{array}{ccc} \hat{i} & \hat{\jmath} & \hat{k} \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 1 & 1 \end{array}\right|=\hat{i}(0-1)-\hat{\jmath}(0-1)+\hat{k} \\ &=-\hat{i}+\hat{j} \end{aligned} \] Notice that \[ \begin{aligned} (\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k})\times\hat{k} &=\hat{k} \times \hat{i}+\hat{k} \cdot x \hat{j}+\hat{k} \times \hat{k} \\ &=-\hat{j} \times \hat{k}+\overrightarrow{0}+\hat{j} \\ &=-\hat{i}+\hat{j} \end{aligned} \]
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