Calculus, 10th Edition (Anton)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47064-772-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47064-772-1

Chapter 11 - Three-Dimensional Space; Vectors - 11.2 Vectors - Exercises Set 11.2 - Page 783: 35

Answer

\[ d_{2}=3 \text { , } d_{1}=\sqrt{5} \]

Work Step by Step

Let us consider a parallelogram with adjacent sides \[ \vec{v}=\hat{i}-2 \hat{\jmath}\quad \text { , } \quad \vec{u}=\hat{\imath}+\hat{\jmath} \] Notice that the endpoint of the vector $\vec{v}+\vec{u}$ is a vertex of the parallelogram, and it is the opposite vertex to the vertex at the origin $O(0,0)$. So one diagonal length is \[ d_{1}=\|\vec{v}+\vec{u}\|=\|2 \hat{\imath}-\hat{\jmath}\|=\sqrt{(-1)^{2}+2^{2}}=\sqrt{5} \] The extremes of the second diagonal are the endpoints of the given vectors, so: \[ d_{2}=\|\vec{u}-\vec{v}\|=\|\quad \hat{\imath}+\hat{\jmath}-(\hat{\imath}-2 \hat{\jmath})\|=\|3 \hat{\jmath}\|=3 \] So, the length of the diagonals are: \[ d_{2}=3 \text { , } d_{1}=\sqrt{5} \]
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