Calculus: Early Transcendentals 9th Edition

Published by Cengage Learning
ISBN 10: 1337613924
ISBN 13: 978-1-33761-392-7

Chapter 3 - Section 3.3 - Derivatives of Trigonometric Functions - 3.3 Exercises - Page 199: 50

Answer

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Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{1 - \sec x}}{{2x}} \cr & {\text{Use the reciprocal identity }}\sec x = \frac{1}{{\cos x}} \cr & = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{1 - \frac{1}{{\cos x}}}}{{2x}} \cr & {\text{Simplifying}} \cr & = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{\cos x - 1}}{{2x\cos x}} \cr & = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \left[ {\left( {\frac{{\cos x - 1}}{x}} \right)\left( {\frac{1}{{2\cos x}}} \right)} \right] \cr & {\text{Use the product law of limits}}{\text{, the limit of a product is the }} \cr & {\text{product of the limits}}{\text{, then}} \cr & = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \left( {\frac{{\cos x - 1}}{x}} \right)\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \left( {\frac{1}{{2\cos x}}} \right) \cr & = - \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \left( {\frac{{1 - \cos x}}{x}} \right)\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \left( {\frac{1}{{2\cos x}}} \right) \cr & {\text{Use the special limit }}\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \left( {\frac{{1 - \cos x}}{x}} \right) = 0 \cr & = \left( 0 \right)\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \left( {\frac{1}{{2\cos x}}} \right) \cr & = \left( 0 \right)\left( {\frac{1}{{2\cos \left( 0 \right)}}} \right) \cr & {\text{Simplify}} \cr & = 0 \cr & {\text{Therefore}}{\text{,}} \cr & \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \frac{{1 - \sec x}}{{2x}} = 0 \cr} $$
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