Chemistry 12th Edition

Published by McGraw-Hill Education
ISBN 10: 0078021510
ISBN 13: 978-0-07802-151-0

Chapter 7 - Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms - Questions & Problems - Page 318: 7.92

Answer

$S^{+}$ ion contains the maximum number of unpaired electrons.

Work Step by Step

$S^{+}$ ion contains the maximum number of unpaired electrons. Electronic configuration of Sulfur = $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{4}$ 3p orbitals consist of 3 equal energy sub orbitals $3p_{x},3p_{y} and3p_{z}$ Therefore the electron configuration in $3p^{4}$ can be written as $3p_{x}^{2}3p_{y}^{1}3p_{z}^{1}$. Hence two unpaired electrons are present in sulfur. When an electron is added to Sulphur atom $S^{-}$ ion is formed. Therefore the number of electrons present = 15. Electronic configuration of $S^{-}$ = $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p_{x}^{2}3p_{y}^{2}3p_{z}^{1}$ Hence one unpaired electron is present in $S^{-}$. When an electron is removed, the $S^{+}$ ion is formed. Therefore, the number of electrons present = 13 Electronic configuration of Sulphur = $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p_{x}^{1}3p_{y}^{1}3p_{z}^{1}$ Hence three unpaired electrons are present in $S^{+}$.
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