Calculus, 10th Edition (Anton)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47064-772-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47064-772-1

Chapter 11 - Three-Dimensional Space; Vectors - 11.5 Parametric Equations Of Lines - Exercises Set 11.5 - Page 811: 37

Answer

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Work Step by Step

As we know, two lines are the same if they have parallel vectors and a common point. Since: \begin{align*} L_1 : \begin{cases} x = 3 - t \\ y = 1 + 2t\\ \end{cases} \qquad \text{has director vector} \quad \vec{v}_1 = \langle -1, 2 \rangle \\ L_2 : \begin{cases} x = -1 + 3t \\ y = 9 - 6t \end{cases} \qquad \text{has director vector} \quad \vec{v}_2 = \langle 3, -6 \rangle \end{align*} Because $\vec{v}_1 = \frac{1}{3}\vec{v}_2$, $v_1$ and $v_2$ are parallel. Furthermore, for $t = 0$ in $L_1$, we have: \begin{align*} x = 3, \qquad y = 1 \end{align*} Using these values for $(x,y)$ in $L_2$: \begin{align*} 3 &= -1 + 3t \Rightarrow t = \frac{4}{3}\\ 1&= 9 - 6t \ \Rightarrow t = \frac{4}{3} \end{align*} We have in both equations the same value for the parameter $t$. Then $(3,1)$ is common for both lines. Finally, $L_1$ and $L_2$ are the same line because they have parallel director vectors and a common point $(3,1)$. Therefore, we can say that the two lines coincide with each other.
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