Calculus, 10th Edition (Anton)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47064-772-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47064-772-1

Chapter 11 - Three-Dimensional Space; Vectors - 11.5 Parametric Equations Of Lines - Exercises Set 11.5 - Page 811: 22

Answer

\[ t=y, 0=z, t=x \]

Work Step by Step

(a) The line in 2d space that passes through the point $P_{0}\left(x_{0}, y_{0}\right)$ and that is parallel to the non-zero vector $\mathbf{v}=\langle a, b\rangle=a \mathbf{i}+b \mathbf{j}$ has parametric equations \[ b t+y_{0}=y, \quad a t+x_{0}=x \] (b) The line in 3d space that passes through the point $P_{0}\left(x_{0}, y_{0}, z_{0}\right)$ and that is parallel to the non-zero vector $\mathbf{v}=\langle a, b, c\rangle=a \mathbf{i}+b \mathbf{j}+c \mathbf{k}$ has parametric equations \[ c t+z_{0}=z, \quad b t+y_{0}=y, \quad a t+x_{0}=x \] The vector equations of these lines can be written as: \[ \begin{aligned} &\left\langle x_{0}+a t, y_{0}+b t\right\rangle= \langle x, y\rangle \\ \&\left\langle x_{0}+a t, y_{0}+b t, z_{0}+c t\right\rangle = \langle x, y, z\rangle \end{aligned} \] or \[ \begin{aligned} &\left\langle x_{0}, y_{0}\right\rangle+t\langle a, b\rangle=\langle x, y\rangle \\ &\left\langle x_{0}, y_{0}, z_{0}\right\rangle+t\langle a, b, c\rangle=\langle x, y, z\rangle \end{aligned} \] Notice that $\langle 1,1,0\rangle=\langle a, b, c\rangle=\vec{v}=$ is parallel to the line \[ t=x, \quad t-1=y, \quad 2=z \] So, this vector is parallel to both lines. Since our line passes through the original $P(a, b, c)=P(0,0,0)$, the parametric equation for the line can be written as follows: \[ \begin{array}{l} t+0=y, 0=z, t+0=x \\ t=y, 0=z, t=x \end{array} \]
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