Calculus, 10th Edition (Anton)

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47064-772-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47064-772-1

Chapter 11 - Three-Dimensional Space; Vectors - 11.5 Parametric Equations Of Lines - Exercises Set 11.5 - Page 811: 20

Answer

\[ -t+2=x, \quad 2 t-1=y, \quad 7 t+5=z \]

Work Step by Step

(a) The line in 2d space that passes through the point $P_{0}\left(x_{0}, y_{0}\right)$ and is parallel to the non-zero vector $\mathbf{v}=\langle a, b\rangle=a \mathbf{i}+b \mathbf{j}$ has parametric equations: \[ a t+x_{0}=x, \quad b t+y_{0}=y \] (b) The line in 3d space that passes through the point $P_{0}\left(x_{0}, y_{0}, z_{0}\right)$ and is parallel to the non-zero vector $\mathbf{v}=\langle a, b, c\rangle=a \mathbf{i}+b \mathbf{j}+c \mathbf{k}$ has parametric equations \[ a t+x_{0}=x, \quad z_{0}+c t=z, \quad b t+y_{0}=y \] The vector equations for these lines can be written as: \[ \begin{aligned} &\left\langle x_{0}+a t, y_{0}+b t\right\rangle= \langle x, y\rangle \\ &\left\langle x_{0}+a t, y_{0}+b t, z_{0}+c t\right\rangle=\langle x, y, z\rangle \end{aligned} \] or \[ \begin{aligned} &\left\langle x_{0}, y_{0}\right\rangle+t\langle a, b\rangle=\langle x, y\rangle \\ &\left\langle x_{0}, y_{0}, z_{0}\right\rangle+t\langle a, b, c\rangle=\langle x, y, z\rangle \end{aligned} \] From this theory, we have the parametric equation for the line that passes through $P(2,-1,5)$ and that is parallel to $\vec{v}=\langle-1,2,7\rangle$ can be written as: \[ \begin{aligned} c t+z_{0}=z , & b t+y_{0}=y, \quad a t+x_{0}=x \\ \Rightarrow \quad -t+2=x, \quad 2 t-1=y, & 7 t+5=z \end{aligned} \]
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