Sneetches
The Sneetches are portrayed as being highly competitive and jealous. The Star on and Sat Off Sneetches try to outdo the other by tattooing on and off the stars, in the hopes that it will grant them superiority over the others.
Sylvester McBean
McBean, is stated to be a fix-it up kind of person but this is actually contradicted by his behavior in exploiting the Sneetches. He is manipulative and greedy and does not consider the worth of the Sneetches.
Sneetches at the end
The Sneetches at the end of the story are very differently portrayed compared to the beginning. By the end, they are all respectful of each other despite their appearance. They coexist in harmony and accept each other for what they are.
Star Machine
The machine is depicted as being a wondrous and magical creation. It's ability to change the Sneetches to Star On ones makes it incredibly special to them. Of course, in reality it is just a tattoo machine with no magical abilities at all.