Calculus 10th Edition

Published by Brooks Cole
ISBN 10: 1-28505-709-0
ISBN 13: 978-1-28505-709-5

Chapter 3 - Applications of Differentiation - 3.8 Exercises - Page 229: 8

Answer

$0.754$

Work Step by Step

$$\eqalign{ & f\left( x \right) = {x^5} + x - 1 \cr & {\text{Differentiating}} \cr & f'\left( x \right) = 5{x^4} + 1 \cr & {\text{Using the Newton's Method}} \cr & {\text{The iterative formula is}} \cr & {x_{n + 1}} = {x_n} - \frac{{f\left( {{x_n}} \right)}}{{f'\left( {{x_n}} \right)}}{\text{ }}\left( {\bf{1}} \right) \cr & {\text{Substituting }}f\left( {{x_n}} \right){\text{ and }}f\left( {{x_n}} \right){\text{ into }}\left( {\bf{1}} \right) \cr & {x_{n + 1}} = {x_n} - \frac{{x_n^5 + {x_n} - 1}}{{5x_n^4 + 1}} \cr & {\text{From the graph we can see that the possible initial }} \cr & {\text{approximation is }}{x_1} = 0.7 \cr & {\text{The calculations for the iterations are shown below}} \cr & {x_2} = 0.7 - \frac{{{{\left( {0.7} \right)}^5} + \left( {0.7} \right) - 1}}{{5{{\left( {0.7} \right)}^4} + 1}} \approx 0.75995 \cr & {\text{Continuing the iterations we obtain}} \cr & {x_3} \approx 0.75492 \cr & {x_4} \approx 0.75488 \cr & {\text{The successive approximations }}{x_5}{\text{ and }}{x_4}{\text{ differ by}} \cr & \left| {{x_4} - {x_3}} \right| \approx 0.00004 < 0.001 \cr & {\text{We can estimate the zero of }}f\left( x \right){\text{ to be }} \cr & x \approx 0.75488 \cr & {\text{taking three decimal places}} \cr & x \approx 0.754 \cr & {\text{Using a graphing utility we obtain}} \cr & x \approx 0.7547886662 \cr} $$
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