Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems 9th Edition

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47038-334-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47038-334-6

Chapter 3 - Second Order Linear Equations - 3.4 Repeated Roots; Reduction of Order - Problems - Page 171: 11

Answer

$$ y^{\prime \prime}+6 y^{\prime}+13 y=0 $$ The general solution of that equation is given by $$ y(t) =e^{-3t}( c_{1} \cos 2t+c_{2} \sin 2t) $$ where $ c_{1} $ and $c_{2}$ are arbitrary constants.

Work Step by Step

$$ y^{\prime \prime}+6 y^{\prime}+13 y=0 \quad (I) $$ We assume that $ y = e^{rt}$, and it then follows that $r$ must be a root of the characteristic equation $$ r^{2}+6r+13=0,$$ so its roots are $$ \:r_{1,\:2}=\frac{-6\pm \sqrt{6^2-4\cdot \:1\cdot \:13}}{2\cdot \:1} $$ Thus the possible values of $r$ are $$r_{1}=-3+2i ,\quad r_{2}=-3-2i,.$$ Therefore two solutions of Eq. (I) are $$ y_{1}(t) = e^{(-3+2i)t}= e^{-3t}(\cos 2t + i \sin 2t) $$ and $$ y_{2}(t) = e^{(-3-2i)t}= e^{-3t}(\cos 2t - i \sin 2t) $$ Thus the general solution of the given differential equation is $$ y(t) =e^{-3t}( c_{1} \cos 2t+c_{2} \sin 2t) $$ where $ c_{1} $ and $c_{2}$ are arbitrary constants.
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