Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems 9th Edition

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47038-334-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47038-334-6

Chapter 3 - Second Order Linear Equations - 3.1 Homogenous Equations with Constant Coefficients - Problems - Page 144: 24

Answer

$\alpha\leq1$ for the solution to tend to zero and $a>1$ for the solution to be unbounded.

Work Step by Step

$$y''+(3-\alpha)y'-2(\alpha-1)y=0$$Let $y-e^{\lambda{t}}$ so that $(\ln{y})'=\lambda$. $${\lambda}^2+(3-\alpha){\lambda}-2(\alpha-1)=0$$ $$\lambda_{1,2}=\frac{\alpha-3\pm\sqrt{{(3-\alpha)}^2+8(\alpha-1)}}{2}=\frac{\alpha-3\pm(\alpha+1)}{2}=\alpha-1,\alpha-2$$ $$\therefore{y}=c_{1}e^{(\alpha-1){t}}+c_{2}e^{(\alpha-2)t}$$ As $t\rightarrow+\infty$, $e^{(\alpha-1)t},{e}^{(\alpha-2)t}\rightarrow+\infty$ unless $a\leq1$. $\therefore\alpha\leq1$ for the solution to tend to zero and $a>1$ for the solution to be unbounded.
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