Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems 9th Edition

Published by Wiley
ISBN 10: 0-47038-334-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-47038-334-6

Chapter 3 - Second Order Linear Equations - 3.1 Homogenous Equations with Constant Coefficients - Problems - Page 144: 21

Answer

$$\alpha=2$$

Work Step by Step

$$y''-y'-2y=0,\quad{y}(0)=\alpha,\quad{y'}(0)=2$$Let $y=e^{\lambda{t}}$ so that $(\ln{y})'=\lambda$. $${\lambda}^2-{\lambda}-2=0$$ $$(\lambda+1)(\lambda-2)=0$$ $$\lambda_{1,2}=-1,2$$ The general solution is ${y}=c_{1}e^{-t}+c_{2}e^{2t}$. Substituting in the constraints, we obtain $c_{1}+c_{2}=\alpha$ and $-c_{1}e+2c_{2}=2\Rightarrow{c}_{1}=\alpha-c_{2}\Rightarrow3{c}_{2}-\alpha=2\Rightarrow{c}_{2}=\frac{\alpha+2}{3}\Rightarrow{c}_{1}=\frac{2(\alpha-1)}{3}$ $$\therefore{y}=\frac{2(\alpha-1)e^{-t}+(\alpha+2)e^{2t}}{3}$$ As $t\rightarrow+\infty$, $e^{-t}\rightarrow0$ and $e^{2t}\rightarrow+\infty\Rightarrow(\alpha+2)e^{2t}\rightarrow+\infty$. Thus, for the solution to approach zero, $\alpha+2=0$. $$\therefore\alpha=2$$
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