“The world under heaven, after a long period of division, tends to unite; after a long period of union, tends to divide. This has been so since antiquity. ”
This quote also reflects on the cyclical nature of countries, their politics, and social change. After a long period apart, whether through war or division, countries tend to unite. And after a period of being apart, they tend to come back together. That cycle can continue for eternity until the country disbands and gives way to another one.
During the 14th century (when the novel is set), the once-stable Han dynasty collapsed and gave way to warlords vying for control of the country. That period is called the Three Kingdoms period, which lasted from 220 to 280 AD.
“To kill deliberately is very wrong,” said Chen Gong. “I would rather betray the world than let the world betray me,” was Cao Cao’s reply. Chen Gong could say nothing.”
This quote captures a critical moral and philosophical dichotomy between the characters Chen Gong and Cao Cao. Chen Gong's statement, "To kill deliberately is very wrong," reflects his belief that one should never kill, even in difficult times or times of war. In contrast, Cao Cao's reply, "I would rather betray the world than let the world betray me," reveals a pragmatic worldview. To preserve his power and keep up appearances, Cao Cao is willing to kill and injure people, even at the expense of his morality. His quote likewise underscores his ruthlessness and evil nature in a world where the ends justify the means. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, this quote illuminates a stark dichotomy between the duo's leadership and morality styles during very similar conditions they both existed: the 14th century during times of war, turmoil, and other difficult situations.
