Karl Popper
Karl Popper was a philosopher and academic from Austria, who is known for his contributions to philosophy and science. Specifically, Popper is known for his theory of empirical falsification, which is essentially the idea that scientific theories can't be proven, but can be falsified. As such, Popper's argument altered the attitude towards the scientific method.
Conjectures and Refutations is a popular book written by Karl Popper, in which he posits his arguments about science, politics, philosophy, and history. From this text, we get a clear idea of Popper's philosophical arguments and insights.
Immanuel Kant
In this text, Popper mentions German philosopher Immanuel Kant, who was active during the Enlightenment era. Kant is known for his contributions to epistemology, metaphysics, and ethics, and is one of the most well-known figures of Western philosophy.