The HIV/AIDS crisis
Throughout the novel, Hollinghurst uses brutal imagery to underscore the severity of the HIV/AIDS crisis. For instance, when protagonist Nick Guest meets Wani, he finds a man wasting away. His illness, HIV/AIDS, has reduced him to a shell of himself. He is no longer the rich and vibrant man he once was; he is defeated through no fault of his own.
Wealth
There is a plethora of wealth-related imagery throughout the novel. Because the Fedden family is deeply involved in politics, they deal with a number of very wealthy people. They go to opulent parties and spend a significant amount of money themselves. Having wealth is a way of life and a way to pursue power. But the imagery of wealth is directly contrasted with the poverty that ravaged England during the 1980s, reflecting that many times, wealthy people are disconnected with the reality of situations most people must deal with.
Odors
During Gerald and Penny's affair, they often have sex. While having sex, Hollinghurst users imagery surrounding their odors to underscore the furtive nature of their relationship and romantic liaisons. He also uses this imagery to show how unethical and cruel Gerald is for cheating on his wife.
