Physics Technology Update (4th Edition)

Published by Pearson
ISBN 10: 0-32190-308-0
ISBN 13: 978-0-32190-308-2

Chapter 3 - Vectors in Physics - Problems and Conceptual Exercises - Page 81: 78

Answer

$v_{2g}=1.72m/s$ $23.8^{\circ}$ south of west.

Work Step by Step

We know that $\vec {v_{1g}}=\vec v_{12}+\vec v_{2g}$ Where $\vec {v_{1g}},\vec v_{12}$ and $\space \vec v_{2g}$ represent velocity of boat 1 relative to ground, velocity of boat 1 relative to boat 2, and velocity of boat 2 relative to ground. The above equation can be rearranged as: $\vec {v_{2g}}=\vec {v_{1g}}-\vec {v_{12}}$ We plug in the known values to obtain: $\vec{v_{2g}}=(0.775m/s)\hat y-[(2.15m/s)sin 47.0^{\circ}\hat x+(2.15m/s)cos 47.0^{\circ}\hat y]$ $\vec {v_{2g}}=(-1.57m/s)\hat x+(-0.691m/s)\hat y$ Now the magnitude of $\vec{v_{2g}}$ is given as $v_{2g}=\sqrt{v_{2g,x}^2+v_{2g,y}^2}$ We plug in the known values to obtain: $v_{2g}=\sqrt{(-1.57)^2+(0.691)^2}=1.72m/s$ and the direction of $\vec{v_{2g}}$ is given as $\theta=tan^{-1}(\frac{v_{2g,y}}{v_{2g,x}})$ $\theta=tan^{-1}(\frac{-0.691}{-1.57})=23.8^{\circ}$ south of west.
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