Answer
(a) Electrons have been removed from the glass rod.
(b) $3.1\times 10^{10}$ electrons were removed from the rod.
Work Step by Step
(a) Since it is normally quite easy for electrons to move, we can assume that it is the electrons which are transferred when there is a transfer of charge. In this case, we can assume that electrons have been removed from the glass rod.
(b) Since the rod has a charge of $+5.0~nC$, a charge of $-5.0~nC$ was removed from the rod. Each electron has a charge of $-1.6\times 10^{-19}~C$. We can find the number of electrons that were removed.
$\frac{-5.0\times 10^{-9}~C}{-1.6\times 10^{-19}~C} = 3.1\times 10^{10}~electrons$
$3.1\times 10^{10}$ electrons were removed from the rod.
