Answer
See image below:
Work Step by Step
1. Draw the central atoms, in these cases, put every atom that is not Hydrogen in the center.
a. 2 C.
b. C and N.
c. C and Cl.
2. Put hydrogen around each central atom.
3. Count the electrons.
a. 2x4 (C) + 6x1 (H) = 14 electrons.
b. 1x4 (C) + 5x1 (H) + 1x5 (N) = 14 electrons.
c. 1x4 (C) + 3x1 (H) + 1x7 (Cl) = 14 electrons.
4. Add the bonds between the atoms, and count how many electrons are not used.
a. 14 - 7x2 = 0.
b. 14 - 6x2 = 2.
c. 14 - 4x2 = 6.
5. Add the remaining pairs of electrons to the appropriate atoms:
b. Nitrogen only has 6 electrons, it needs 1 lone pair to reach 8.
c. Chlorine only has 2 electrons, it needs 3 lone pairs to reach 8.
- All the electrons were used, the Lewis Structure is valid.
