Answer
Atherosclerosis/arteriosclerosis and prolonged sitting or bedrest can increase the likelihood of unnecessary clotting.
Work Step by Step
Arteriosclerosis is a condition in which blood vessels become stiffer and less flexible over time. This makes it more difficult for blood vessels to accommodate to the shape and size of blood cells or to an increased number of blood cells and platelets passing through. Atherosclerosis is a specific type of arteriosclerosis in which plaques made of fat and cholesterol build up on the lumen of blood vessels. In this condition, a blood vessel's lumen is now narrower and platelets and blood cells can get stuck on the plaques and build up into a clot over time.
Prolonged sitting or bedrest can also contribute to hemostasis or slow blood flow. Staying decrease cell requirements for nutrients from the blood and subsequently decreases the workload on the heart. Clotting factors remain longer in circulation as circulation slows down, which allows clots to form more easily.
Heart failure, blood vessel injury, anesthesia used in surgery, and certain medications can also increase hemostasis and the risk of blood clots.
