Answer
(a)
The difference is of $128\text{ billion dollars}$ and the budget was surplus.
Consider the given bar graph.
From the image above, the number corresponding to given year is,
Money collected for 2001 was$1991$ billion dollars.
Money spent for 2001 was$1863$ billion dollars.
So, the total difference in amount is,
$\left( \$1991\text{billion}-\$1863\text{billion}\right)=\$128\text{billion}$
Thus, the difference is of$\text{128}\,\text{billion}\,\text{dollars}$. Since it is positive, the budget is surplus.
(b)
The difference is of $-1413\text{ billion dollars}$and the budget was in deficit.
Consider the given bar graph.
From the image above, the number corresponding to given year is,
Money collected in 2009 was $2105$ billion dollars.
Money spent in 2009 was $3518$ billion dollars.
So, the total difference in amount is,
$\begin{align}
& \text{Diff }=\text{money collected - money spent} \\
& =2105-3518 \\
& =-1413
\end{align}$
Thus, the difference is of$-\text{1413}\,\,\text{billion}\,\text{dollars}$. Since it is negative, the budget is in deficit.
(c)
The difference is of $1541\text{ billion dollars}$.
Consider the given bar graph.
From the calculations in previous parts,
The surplus in $2001$was $128$ billion dollars.
The deficit in 2009 was $-1413$ billion dollars.
So, the total difference in amount is,
$\begin{align}
& \text{Diff }=~128-\left( -1413 \right) \\
& =128+1413 \\
& =1541
\end{align}$
Thus, difference is of $\text{1541}\,\,\text{billion}\,\text{dollars}$.
