Answer
(a)
The difference is of $128\text{ billion dollars}$, and the budget was surplus.
Consider the given bar graph.
From the image above, the number corresponding to given year is,
Money collected for 2001 was$1991$ billion dollars.
Money spent for 2001 was$1863$ billion dollars.
So, the total difference in amount is,
$\left( \$1991\text{billion}-\$1863\text{billion}\right)=\$128\text{billion}$
Thus, the difference is of$\text{128}\,\text{billion}\,\text{dollars}$. Since it is positive, the budget is surplus.
(b)
The difference is of $-1299\text{ billion dollars}$, and the budget was a deficit.
Consider the given bar graph.
From the image above, the number corresponding to given year is,
Money collected in 2011 was$2034$ billion dollars.
Money spent in 2011 was$3603$ billion dollars.
So, the total difference in amount is,
$\$2304\text{billion}-\$3603\text{billion}=-\$1299\text{billion}$
Thus, the difference is of$-\text{1299}\,\,\text{billion}\,\text{dollars}$. Since it is negative, the budget is a deficit.
(c)
The difference is of $1427\text{ billion dollars}$.
Consider the given bar graph.
From the calculations in previous parts,
The surplus in $2001$was$128$ billion dollars
The deficit in $2011$was$-1229$ billion dollars
So, the total difference in amount is,
$\begin{align}
& \text{Diff }=~128-\left( -1299 \right) \\
& =1427
\end{align}$
Thus, the difference is of$\text{1427}\,\,\text{billion}\,\text{dollars}$.
