Answer
$(v+10)(v+2)$
Work Step by Step
$v^2+12v+20=(v+10)(v+\underset\uparrow?)$
$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ $added to 10, must equal 12
$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ $multiplied by 10, must equal 20
Let y be ?.
$y+10=12$
$y+10-10=12-10$
$y=2$
$10y=20$
$10y\div10=20\div10$
$y=2$