Bastard
Illegitimate, meaning born of unwed parents. Woyzeck and Marie's child is a bastard child.
Common-Law Marriage
A marriage without religious or civil affirmation, in which case the man and woman involved have an agreement or live together. Woyzeck and Marie have a common-law marriage because of their child.
Drum-Major
A man who leads a marching band or drum line. He is often dressed in a gay uniform including a prominent hat, gloves, and boots.
Freemason
According to the American Heritage Dictionary, "a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, an international fraternal and charitable organization with secret rites and signs."
Journeyman
A craftsman or other worker who has completed an apprenticeship but is not particularly remarkable or a master of his trade.
Sodom and Gomorrah
Two cities in ancient Palestine possibly located south of the Dead Sea. In the Bible, God destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah because of the wickedness and depravity of their inhabitants. Lot and his family were saved from the destruction, but when Lot's wife foolishly ignored the command not to look back upon the cities, she was turned into a pillar of salt.
Tattoo
In the context of the play, it is the battalion that the Drum-Major leads by Marie's window. Can refer to this kind of entertainment as well as the drum beat that summons soldiers back to their barracks in the evening, as in the first scene with Woyzeck and Andres.