Irony of identity
The book illustrates exactly how stereotypes affect us as individuals based on our race, gender, class, and sexuality. However, the notion of where identity and stereotypes begin is subverted by underscoring how we perceive ourselves and society at large. It is a common belief that identity is shaped by various aspects of our lives and therefore stereotypes emanate from that. Ironically Steele demonstrates how stereotypes actually shape our identity by being aware of them from a young age. Consequently, by escaping or embracing stereotypes they mold our identity.
The irony of stereotype threat
Steele focuses on the quandary that arises by being conscious of the stereotypes that we are likely to conform to. This threat places individuals under pressure by overcompensating to disprove any of the stereotypes. Ironically the overcompensation causes one to stress and choke then they become unable to overcome the stereotype. By trying to invalidate the stereotypes they confirm them hence the Catch-22 of overcorrection.
Irony of performance
Steele affirms various scenarios where our performance is affected by our perceived abilities or lack thereof. He asserts that if a social group is stereotyped as not academically inclined they tend to not excel in academics. Moreover, if the group is labeled as athletically gifted they tend to perform outstandingly on the field and vice versa. Therefore those who are stereotyped as inadequate choose to avoid the task or are pessimistic in their execution. Ironically, the idea of good performance is dependent on one’s self-perception rather than one’s potential or proficiency.
Irony of homogeneity
The notion of stereotyping stems from the distinct identities and the inclination to compare one group with another. Therefore the stereotype threat causes people to overcompensate in order to avoid confirming the negative labels. In essence, the social group under this threat fosters the need to blend in and embrace a homogenous identity. Ironically, homogeneity only nurtures the culture of stereotyping as Steel stresses that diversity is the only solution to the issue.
