The Poet
The poet appears in the second half of “To Penshurst” as a guest of the Sidneys. Jonson characterizes himself as gluttonous and somewhat ridiculous. The image adds some humor to the poem and emphasizes the Sidneys’ hospitality, as they make even the rude poet feel at home.
The Lady
The lady of the house appears at the end of the poem. Jonson emphasizes her skill as a housewife, as well as her moral uprightness—Robert Sidney can trust that all her children are his own.
The Neighbors
Jonson portrays the neighbors as extremely grateful to the Sidneys for their place in the community. They arrive with generous gifts (although their wealthy hosts, of course, do not need them). They come off as well-meaning yet somewhat simple.
The Lord
Robert Sidney himself is largely absent from the poem. Instead, his estate, his neighbors, and his family all serve to represent his characteristics. As a whole, “To Penshurst” works to characterize Robert as a true nobleman: generous, virtuous, and firmly installed in the community.
King James
King James shows up towards the end of the poem as an unexpected guest. Jonson emphasizes his entitlement: he sees the fires and immediately interprets them as an invitation.
The Children
Robert Sidney’s children are the final proof of the lord’s virtue. They are well-mannered and pious, educated in both religion and what it takes to be a good nobleman.
