The rejection of value systems and commonly held beliefs.
In Lyotard's day, he had just witnessed the 60's and 70's, which are pretty obvious examples of counter-cultures. The culture they rejected was the modernist culture indoctrinated in WWII by the belief in science, technology and progress. In the 60's and 70's however, Lyotard notices a repudiation of those kinds of belief systems. In other words, people tended not to share commonly held beliefs about what was meaningful in life.
Computerized technology is the future of science.
Lyotard wisely notes that computers have a new ethos for science. Instead of the myth of 'the progress of man through technology' that shaped the past, Lyotard accurately predicts that unless something is computerized, it won't "feel" scientific, leading to the development of technological growth. Then the internet happened, so maybe he was right.
The downfall of "language games" and grand narratives.
Instead of finding clever ways to invent meaning through religion or cultural homogeneity, the new person, the postmodernist, will reject large systems entirely, preferring the existential dread of meaninglessness to the embarrassing prospect of believing something verifiably false. This means that people will reject anything that helps them see their lives as part of a grand whole.
