Answer
The correct answer is:
(c) $\frac{m}{M+m}$
Work Step by Step
We can use conservation of momentum to find the ratio:
$(M+m)V = mv+M(0)$
$(M+m)V = mv$
$\frac{V}{v} = \frac{m}{M+m}$
The correct answer is:
(c) $\frac{m}{M+m}$
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