Answer
structural formulas
(a) 1,2-dichloropentane - $CH_{2}ClCHClCH_{2}CH_{2}CH_{3}$
(b) 4-bromo-1-butene - $CH_{2}CHCH_{2}CH_{2}Br$
(c) 1,2-dichloro-2-fluoropropane - $CH_{3}CClFCH_{2}Cl$
(d) p-dichlorobenzene - $Cl-C_{6}H_{4}-Cl$
Work Step by Step
(a) 1,2-dichloropentane - $CH_{2}ClCHClCH_{2}CH_{2}CH_{3}$
The compound has a five-carbon chain, and a chlorine atom each on the first and second carbon.
(b) 4-bromo-1-butene - $CH_{2}=CHCH_{2}CH_{2}Br$
The compound has a four-carbon chain, a double bond between carbon 1 and carbon 2, a Bromine atom on carbon 4.
(c) 1,2-dichloro-2-fluoropropane - $CH_{3}CClFCH_{2}Cl$
The compound has a three-carbon chain, a Fluorine atom on carbon 2, and a Chlorine atom each on carbon 1 and carbon 2.
(d) p-dichlorobenzene - $Cl-C_{6}H_{4}-Cl$
The compound has a benzene ring with a Chlorine atom each on carbon 1 and carbon 4. The prefix p- or para- refers to substituents on carbons 1 and 4.
