Answer
(e) b, c, and d
Work Step by Step
The following are the characteristics of plasmids:
A plasmid is a circular, double-stranded extrachromosomal piece of DNA that is self-replicating.;
Plasmids can carry genes for antibiotic resistance and bacteriocins that inhibit the growth of other competing bacteria;
Some plasmids can carry genes for catabolic enzymes and virulence factors;