Answer
(a) 8:1
(b) 2:1
Work Step by Step
(a) The ratio for the woodwinds to the bass is 8:1. This can be seen from the ratio:
$$ =\frac{40}{8} \\ =\frac{8\times 5}{8} \\ =\frac{8}{1}$$
(b) The ratio of the drums to the strings is 2:1. This can be shown from the ratio calculation below:
$$ =\frac{30}{15} \\ =\frac{2}{1}$$
