Answer
The average rate of change from $A$ to $i$:
$\frac{{\Delta altitude}}{{\Delta horizontal}} = 0.02$
The average rate of change from $A$ to $ii$:
$\frac{{\Delta altitude}}{{\Delta horizontal}} = 0.04$
The average rate of change from $A$ to $iii$:
$\frac{{\Delta altitude}}{{\Delta horizontal}} = 0$
Work Step by Step
From $A$ to point $i$:
$\Delta altitude = 440 - 400 = 40$ m
The scale shows that the distance $\overline {Ai} $ is about $\Delta horizontal = 2$ km. Therefore, the average rate of change from $A$ to $i$ is
$\frac{{\Delta altitude}}{{\Delta horizontal}} = \frac{{40}}{{2000}} = 0.02$
From $A$ to point $ii$:
$\Delta altitude = 440 - 400 = 40$ m
The scale shows that the distance $\overline {Aii} $ is about $\Delta horizontal = 1$ km. Therefore, the average rate of change from $A$ to $ii$ is
$\frac{{\Delta altitude}}{{\Delta horizontal}} = \frac{{40}}{{1000}} = 0.04$
From $A$ to point $iii$:
$\Delta altitude = 400 - 400 = 0$ m
$\frac{{\Delta altitude}}{{\Delta horizontal}} = 0$
