Calculus (3rd Edition)

Published by W. H. Freeman
ISBN 10: 1464125260
ISBN 13: 978-1-46412-526-3

Chapter 14 - Calculus of Vector-Valued Functions - 14.6 Planetary Motion According to Kepler and Newton - Preliminary Questions - Page 751: 1

Answer

We have $||{\bf{J}}|| = J = r{\left( t \right)^2}\theta '\left( t \right)$. We show that $\frac{{dA}}{{dt}} = \frac{1}{2}J$. So, the rate at which the radial vector sweeps out area is half of $J$.

Work Step by Step

The area $A$ swept out by the planet's radial vector is $A = \frac{1}{2}\mathop \smallint \limits_0^\theta {r^2}{\rm{d}}\theta $ It is shown on page 749 the rate is $\frac{{dA}}{{dt}} = \frac{1}{2}r{\left( t \right)^2}\theta '\left( t \right)$ By Eq. (3) we have $||{\bf{J}}|| = J = r{\left( t \right)^2}\theta '\left( t \right)$. Thus, $\frac{{dA}}{{dt}} = \frac{1}{2}J$. So, the rate at which the radial vector sweeps out area is half of $J$.
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