Answer
$$P(x)=\frac{1}{x}.$$
Work Step by Step
Since $\alpha(x)=e^{\int P(x)dx}$, then
$$ e^{\int P(x)dx}=x\Longrightarrow \int P(x)dx = \ln x.$$
Hence, by differentiation, we have
$$P(x)=\frac{1}{x}.$$
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