Answer
$$ 10 \ teeth.$$
Work Step by Step
Using the gear ratio ($16 \ teeth \times 40 \ rpm= x \ teeth \times 64 \ rpm$), we have
$$ 64x=40\cdot 16\Longrightarrow x=\frac{16\cdot 40}{64}=10 \ teeth.$$
You can help us out by revising, improving and updating this answer.
Update this answerAfter you claim an answer you’ll have 24 hours to send in a draft. An editor will review the submission and either publish your submission or provide feedback.