Eve
In the Book of Genesis in the Christian Bible, Eve is the original woman. Created by God to be a companion for Adam, Eve lived with him in Eden. However, she was tricked by the serpent to eat fruit from the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil. This event led to the doctrine of Original Sin, which posits that humans are born with an inherited proclivity for sin. In the poem "Eve to Her Daughters," Eve presents herself as a submissive and passive woman, but she also stands against her husband by disagreeing with his form of logic and urging her daughters into roles of leadership.
Adam
Readers of the poem are able to construct an image of Adam as seen through Eve's eyes. He is portrayed as a jealous egotist whose pride has been hurt by the couple's fall from grace. Dissatisfied by the difficult conditions of life outside of Eden, Adam sets to work upgrading the earth. It seems his intention is to surpass the quality of life they enjoyed in Eden. This is done through Adam's development of logic and figuring out the mechanism of things, but according to Eve, Adam cannot really face the fact that life has no perfect explanation.
Eve's Daughters
As made apparent in the title, Eve addresses her daughters in the poem. It can be assumed that these daughters are modern women during the late 20th century and after. Eve tells her female descendants that though they inherited her flaw of being submissive, it is time they stepped up into leadership roles. For the sake of the children (meaning the future of humanity), the women need to "[take] over." Wright is speaking to her contemporaries through Eve in this poem.
