Irony of the doctor
The doctor on the train pushes Alicia out of the window in order to save her life. This is ironic as it is a doctor's job is to save lives. Although his livelihood had been taken away from him, he continues to save lives, including Alicia's.
Irony of the concentration camps
Upon arriving at the camps, prisoners were met with the slogan "Arbeit Macht Frei", which means "Work makes you free." However, sadly this phrase is an example of cruel irony, as most prisoners did not survive the concentration camps.
Irony of water
Mrs. Eckerberg is taken to the Chortkov prison alongside Alicia. They are denied food and water, and Mrs. Eckerberg becomes dehydrated. When they are given a bucket of water, Alicia believes that Mrs. Eckerberg can be saved. However, the water is infected with typhoid, and Mrs. Eckerberg dies as a result.
