When writing an essay how do I deal with with the aspects of the book such as symbolism.satire,pathos and humor

I would use three separate paragraphs for these topics, especially in relation to this novel. The satire/humor can be combined, symbolism can be taken care of in one or two paragraphs of its own (this is an essay, correct?). Pathos should also receive its own paragraph, there's an awful lot of emotional tugging in this novel.

All in all, it's an essay. Keep it short and use only what you find most important, or the things you're most comfortable writing about.