What do you think might happen if Jem and Scout’s mother had been alive and Calpurnia was not involved in their lives? Do you think the family dynamic would be the same? Would Jem and Scout still be the same kids?

That's a great question. I'd like to say "no". The children have grown up in a home filled with love, Calpurnia loves them and looks out for them just like a mom, but she's not their mom. Jem feels the loss of his mother, and Scout doesn't know the difference. None-the-less, neither of the children seems to be adversely affected. They're don't have a lack of love, and they aren't out looking for love, That in itself is a tribute to the people who raise them. Atticus' fairness and honor would influence them regardless..... and likely, he'd married a woman who shared his views. Thus, I think the kids would remain pretty much the same.