What were the 3 major reasons for the failure of black integration after the civil war? (Chapter 2)

Du Bois completes his essay by providing a historical account of the federal freedoms allotted to, and restricted from, the ‘Negro’ in the late 1800s. He mentions that in 1864, the government suspended the use of large quantities of land in the Mississippi Valley for matters of public policy. Following this, the Act of 1865 passed, which established a War Department with a “Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Land” (Du Bois, Page 21). Under this, the Secretary of War was allowed to offer rations, clothing, and fuel to the Negro, thus taking charge of the newly freed man in the United States. For the first time, Americans of African lineage were provided with marriage applications and employment, thus attempting to facilitate assimilation into American society.

Throughout Of the Dawn of Freedom, Du Bois provides a historical account of the Negro in the United States. He argues that regardless of the governmental freedoms supposedly granted to the newly freed man, the Negro remained enslaved through more modern measures. While no longer chained to their masters on plantations, Negros remained segregated in the United States. The problem, he argues, continues to be, the color-line.