Symbol: Swan Lane is symbolic of everything William doesn't have.
"It was easy to wish to belong in this house, number 31, Swan Lane. Even the name of the street was sweet. He could imagine how he would grow into himself in the warmth of such a home. it was not just the generous slab of bread, spread with good tasty dripping: it was the feeling of having a place. Swan Lane and the rooms within it were part of Sal's very being, he could see, in a way no place had ever been part of his."
Metaphor:
One literary device used in the novel is the metaphorical rape of the land, which is representative of the invasion of Australia by Europeans settlers early in the 19th century.
Simile:
'This was a place, like death, from which men did not return.'
'It was a sharp stab like a splinter under a nail: the pain of loss.'
'It took him a moment to understand that the stirring was a human, as black as the air itself.'