why Mustafa sa'eed resembles the nile as a place of hope ; life and joy , Yet he makes it a place of death , depression and sadness when he chose to make it his last destination

Mustafa, one must remember, is a Sudanese who is given the opportunity to travel and get an education. Upon returning to his mother country, he goes to Wad Hamid, where he decides to work and serve that village to the best of his knowledge. Just like the Nile is giving and generous, Mustafa is too. He shows a lot of zeal when he tells the narrator that agricultural work can serve the village more than literature--let alone diplomacy which he mockingly considers useless. He seems kind and helpful, yet like the Nile unpredictable and vague in certain moments when he is asked about his past; he is more like the Nile when an unknown wind blows and makes the Nile's current stronger and more dangerous, washing him away with it when he dies.

Mustafa can give joy to the ones around him by reciting poetry--though inebriated. He does that also by having those wild affairs with the British women he meets when he is in London. He seduces them and feigns love--or perhaps he does love something about them, and then he leads them to the edge of despair when two of them commit suicide. The writer might have also tried to embody Mustafa's generosity in his sexual engagement which is symbolical of giving and of transient joy; thus, Mustafa sows a seed of hope in a relationship he clearly does not believe in and soon after his seemingly promising deed, he hurries on to kill that seed. Like the Nile, Mustafa irrigates the lands, making crops grow, yet suddenly rises in its ebb and ravages all the land. Likewise, Mustafa lends a hand to the villagers only to back off and cower in the deep waters whose sinister nature defines his own.