Where are Hortensia, Alfonso and Miguel preparing to go? Why do they believe this is their only option?

Hortensia, Alfonso, and Miguel are preparing to leave for the United States because it will provide them with opportunity... a chance to work and better their circumstances, something they cannot do in Mexico.

Hortensia went to Mama’s side and touched her arm. “You should know that we have decided to go to the United States. Alfonso’s brother has been writing to us about the big farm in California where he works now. He can arrange jobs and a cabin for us, too. We are sending the letter tomorrow.”

“I hear that in the United States, you do not need una palanca. That even the poorest man can become rich if he works hard enough.”